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Ophthalmologic (Eye) Surgery: Meaning, scope, and other details

Team AckoJan 18, 2024

The human eye is a complicated and sensitive organ that provides us with our sense of sight. It is, nevertheless, prone to a variety of problems such as cataracts, glaucoma, refractive errors, corneal illnesses, retinal disorders, and others. Ophthalmologic Surgery also known as Eye Surgery is critical in treating such diseases and restoring or maintaining eyesight. Read ahead for detailed information about this type of surgery.

Contents

What is Ophthalmologic Surgery?
What are the common conditions that Ophthalmologists treat?
When should I see an Ophthalmologist?
What to expect during a visit?
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is Ophthalmologic Surgery?

Ophthalmologic Surgery is a broad category of surgical operations done on the eyes to diagnose, treat, and manage various eye problems and illnesses. Ophthalmology is an interdisciplinary specialty that includes highly trained Ophthalmologists, Optometrists, and specialist surgical teams.

What are the common conditions that Ophthalmologists treat?

Here are some of the most common eye disorders that Ophthalmologists see and treat.

Cataracts: They arise when the lens of the eye becomes clouded, resulting in impaired vision, trouble seeing in low light, and increased susceptibility to glare.
Glaucoma: This is a series of eye disorders defined by damage to the optic nerve, which is frequently caused by increasing intraocular pressure. Ophthalmologists utilise several therapies to monitor and regulate intraocular pressure and prevent future injury to the optic nerve, including eye drops, oral medicines, laser therapy, and surgical procedures.
Dry eye syndrome: Ophthalmologists provide a variety of therapies, including artificial tears, prescription drugs, punctal plugs to keep tears in place, and lifestyle changes to relieve symptoms and promote tear production.
Refractive defects: Blurred vision is caused by refractive defects such as nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia), astigmatism, and presbyopia. Ophthalmologists provide a variety of vision correction alternatives, such as eyeglasses, contact lenses, and refractive operations such as LASIK, PRK, and SMILE, to increase visual acuity and minimise reliance on corrective lenses.
Diabetic Retinopathy: Regular eye exams, laser treatment, intravitreal injections, and, in severe situations, vitrectomy surgery to avoid vision loss are all used by Ophthalmologists to monitor and manage this disease.
Macular degeneration: This is a progressive disorder that damages the macula, the centre region of the retina responsible for crisp central vision. To delay the course of AMD and maintain central vision, Ophthalmologists use a variety of therapies, including anti-VEGF injections, laser therapy, and lifestyle changes.

When should I see an Ophthalmologist?

Here are some situations and signs that tell you it's time to see an Ophthalmologist.

It's a good idea to get regular eye exams, even if you think your vision is fine. Ophthalmologists can check your overall eye health, test for vision problems, and catch any early signs of eye diseases.
If your vision suddenly becomes blurry, you're seeing double, or you're having trouble seeing clearly, it's a sign to schedule an appointment with an Ophthalmologist. These changes could mean you have refractive errors, cataracts, glaucoma, or other eye conditions.
Ongoing eye pain, discomfort, redness, itching, or the feeling that there's something in your eye should prompt you to see an Ophthalmologist. These symptoms might indicate an infection, inflammation, dry eye syndrome, or another underlying issue.
If you have symptoms like discharge, swelling, excessive tearing, or increased sensitivity to light, it's important to get checked out by an Ophthalmologist. They can properly diagnose and treat an eye infection or inflammation. That way, you'll get the relief you need.
Seeing sudden flashes of light or an increase in the number of floaters (those dark spots or strings in your vision) might be a sign of a retinal tear or detachment. These conditions require immediate attention from an Ophthalmologist.
Regular eye exams with an Ophthalmologist are crucial for catching and managing diabetic eye disease.
If eye conditions like glaucoma, macular degeneration, or cataracts run in your family, be sure to let your Ophthalmologist know. They can assess your risk and recommend any screenings or preventive measures you might need.
If you already have an eye condition that needs ongoing management, regular follow-up visits with an Ophthalmologist are important. They'll monitor your condition, make any necessary treatment adjustments, and help you maintain good eye health.

What to expect during a visit?

Every Ophthalmologist may have their way of doing things, so the process might vary slightly. However, here is a list of standard things.

The Ophthalmologist will start by asking about your medical history and any eye-related issues you've had in the past. They may also ask about your family's eye health. It's important to give them accurate information so they can understand your specific needs.
They'll assess your vision using a chart with letters or symbols. You'll be asked to read them from a distance and up close.
If you're having trouble with your vision, the Ophthalmologist may do a refraction test. They'll have you look through different lenses and let them know which ones give you the clearest vision. This helps determine if you need glasses or contact lenses.
They'll check how well your eye muscles move and coordinate. This helps them detect any issues with eye alignment.
To test for glaucoma, they may measure the pressure inside your eyes. This can be done using a gentle puff of air or by touching your eye's surface with a small device.
Once the examination is done, the Ophthalmologist will talk to you about their findings. They'll give you recommendations based on your eye health, which may include further tests, medications, lifestyle suggestions, or treatment options if any eye conditions are found.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Here are some FAQs on Ophthalmologic Surgery.

Is Ophthalmologic Surgery safe?

Yes, Ophthalmologic Surgery is generally considered safe. Ophthalmologists are highly trained professionals who specialise in eye surgery and adhere to strict safety protocols. Although there are potential risks and complications, your Ophthalmologist will discuss them with you before the surgery.

What types of anaesthesia are used in Ophthalmologic Surgery?

The type of anaesthesia used in Ophthalmologic Surgery depends on the specific procedure. Local anaesthesia, such as eye drops or injections, is commonly used to numb the eye. General anaesthesia may be used for certain cases, especially in children or individuals who cannot cooperate during the surgery. Your Ophthalmologist will determine the appropriate anaesthesia for your surgery.

How long does Ophthalmologic Surgery take?

The duration of Ophthalmologic Surgery varies depending on the type and complexity of the procedure. Some surgeries, like cataract surgery or LASIK, can be completed within 15 to 30 minutes per eye. Others, such as vitrectomy or corneal transplant, may take one to several hours. Your Ophthalmologist will provide you with an estimated timeframe.

Will I experience pain during Ophthalmologic Surgery?

No, you should not feel any pain during Ophthalmologic Surgery. Local anaesthesia is used to numb the eye, ensuring you won't experience discomfort. You may feel slight pressure or mild sensations, but it should not be painful. If you have concerns about pain management, discuss them with your Ophthalmologist beforehand.

What is the recovery process like after Ophthalmologic Surgery?

The recovery process after Ophthalmologic Surgery varies depending on the procedure. You may experience some discomfort, redness, tearing, or light sensitivity in the operated eye(s) for a few days to a few weeks.

Are there any restrictions or limitations after Ophthalmologic Surgery?

Yes, there may be certain restrictions or limitations following Ophthalmologic Surgery. These can vary depending on the specific surgery and your circumstances. Common restrictions may include avoiding strenuous activities, heavy lifting, swimming, or rubbing your eyes. You may also need to temporarily refrain from wearing contact lenses or applying eye makeup. Your Ophthalmologist will provide detailed instructions tailored to your surgery, and it's important to follow them for proper healing and to minimise complications.

Disclaimer: The content on this page is generic and shared only for informational and explanatory purposes. Please consult a doctor before making any health-related decisions.